Nul Exhibitions

Nul

This abridged list of group exhibitions, including only exhibitions in which the Dutch artists participated, gives an idea of the network that was built by the German, French, Italian and Dutch artists between 1957 and 1967. It shows there were several important ZERO centres: in the Netherlands (The Hague and Rotterdam), Germany (Düsseldorf and Frankfurt) and Italy (Milan and Rome). From the beginning, the various artist collectives, including Zero and Azimut, made their own studios available to like-minded artists as exhibition and sale rooms. Befriended gallery owners not only supported the artists’ initiatives in their capacity as commercial institutions, but also provided assistance in setting up and expanding the network; they also initiated experimental exhibitions in various museums. In Germany, Udo Kultermann was one of the first, in 1960, to present several ZERO artists in a museum context; Willem Sandberg subsequently opened the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam to an initiative by Henk Peeters and the German Zero artists in 1962. The activities of the international ZERO movement reached as far as the USA and Japan.

1958

Jan Henderikse and Günther Uecker, who had previously met in Cologne, settle in Düsseldorf at the same time. Enrico Castellani and Henk Peeters meet in Milan.

Dordrecht, Galerie .31, ’Jubileum tentoonstelling’, Armando, Kees van Bohemen, Rudolf, Engers, Jan Henderikse, Will Leeuwen, Cor Nobel, Henk Peeters, Jan Schoon- hoven, Fred Sieger, Emile Voeten, Gert de Weerdt, Paul Weyenberg
Delft, Technische Hogeschool, ’Kunst in de Mensa: Informele Kunst’ Armando, Bram Bogart, Kees van Bohemen, Rik Jager, Jan Henderikse, Henk Peeters, Jan Schoonhoven, Fred Sieger

1959

The Dutch Informal Group exhibits for the first time outside the Netherlands. At the vernissage in Düsseldorf, Otto Piene and the Dutch artists get to know each other personally.

Düsseldorf, Galerie Gunar ‘Niederländische Informelle Gruppe’ Armando, Kees van Bohemen, Jan Henderikse, Henk Peeters, Jan Schoonhoven, Fred Sieger

1960

In Paris, Henk Peeters meets Yves Klein, through whom he meets Günther Uecker. ### In Milan, Peeters meets Lucio Fontana. ### On his way back from Copenhagen to Milan, Piero Manzoni makes a stopover in Rotterdam, where he meets Peeters. ### Peeters visits Udo Kultermann, the director of the Museum Schloss Morsbroich, who shows him works from the Monochrome Painting exhibition. Here, Peeters sees the works by Yajoi Kusama, with whom he starts a lively correspondence. ### Peeters has the idea to organize a comparable exhibition of white works at the Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, and therefore meets Uecker in Dusseldorf, who brings him into contact with Mack and Piene. ### In Kassel, Peeters meets Hans Haacke, who shows him his monochrome paper-work.

Copenhagen, Galerie Köpcke, ’Nederlandse Informele Groep’ Armando, Kees van Bohemen, Jan Henderikse, Henk Peeters, Jan Schoonhoven
Bern, Kellertheater, ’Internationale Avantgarde 1960’, Armando, Karl Fred Dahmen, Bram Bogart, Agostino Bonalumi, Hsiao Chin, Jan Henderikse, Rudolf Leuzinger, Silvano Lora, Piero Manzoni, Christian Megert, Kees van Bohemen, among others
Lausanne, Galerie Kasper, ’Groupe Informel Hollandais’ Armando, Kees van Bohemen, Jan Henderikse, Henk Peeters, Jan Schoonhoven
London, New Vision Centre Gallery, ’Dutch Informal Group’, Armando, Kees van Bohemen, Jan Henderikse, Henk Peeters, Jan Schoonhoven, Fred Sieger
Antwerp, Hessenhuis, ’Nederlandse Informele Groep’, New Vision Group, G58, Armando, Kees van Bohemen, G 58 (Camiel Van Breedam, Vic Gentils, Paul Van Hoeydonck), Jan Henderikse, New Vision Centre Group (Sicander Adams, Denis Bowen, Leslie Candappa, Max Chapman, John Coplans, Ahmed Parvez, Ron Russell, Tony Underhill, Aubrey Williams). Henk Peeters, Jan Schoonhoven
Grenchen, Galerie Bernard, ’Exposition d’été’, Englebert van Anderlecht, Robert Crippa, Lucio Fontana, Henk Peeters, Mario Samona, Douglas Litterick Swan, Jef Verheyen
Lausanne, Galerie Kasper, ’Prix Suisse de Peinture, Abstraite 1960’, o.a. Armando, Kees van Bohemen, Edmondo Bacci, Renato Barisani, Jan Henderikse, Walter Leblanc, Christian Megert, Henk Peeters, Emilio Scanavino, Jan Schoonhoven, Enrique Tabara, Jef Verheyen
Antwerp, Hessenhuis, ’Nieuwe europese school’, Achille Aperghis, Daniel Argimon, Armando, Edmondo Bacci, Renato Barisani, Herman Bartels, Bram Bogart, Agostino Bonalumi, Luis Bosch, Vlassis Caniaris, Raphael Canogar, Eugenio Carmi, Enrico Castellani, Condopoulos, Jorge Curós, Anja Decker, Karl Heinz Droste, Ducman (Nguyen Manh Duc), Fred Fathwinter, Jean Filhos, Maurice Haccuria, Jan Henderikse, Oskar Holweck, Irma Hünerfauth, Théo Kerg, Walter Leblanc, Rudolf Leuzinger, Denise Madin, Max Marti, Christian Megert, Mario Nigro, Henk Peeters, Claux Pfeiffer, Otto Piene, Rafols- Casamada, Herwin Rehmann, Mario Samonà, Emilio Scanavino, Willy Schoder, Jan Schoonhoven, Salvador Soria, Ferdinand Spindel, Jean Spyropoulos, Enrique Tabara, Joan Joseph Tharrats, Anna Thorwest, Piero Travaglini, Romá Vallés, Kees van Bohemen, Walter Vanermen, Jef Verbrak, Jef Verheyen, Mark Verstockt, Herman de Vries
Bern, Galerie des Kleintheater, ’Neue Malerei’, Armando, Bram Bogart, Kees van Bohemen, Agostino Bonalumi, Enrico Bordoni, Enrico Castellani, Rudolf Leuzinger, Piero Manzoni, Christian Megert, Henk Peeters, Jan Schoon- hoven, Walter Schoendorf

1961

Henk Peeters visits Günther Uecker in Düsseldorf to meet Yves Klein. Klein tells Peeters von Gutai and promises more to report after his next trip to Japan. Heinz Mack, who is also present, shows photos of a Gutai installation in the publication published by Michel Tapiès on the avant-garde in Japan. ### At the opening exhibition of the International Gallery A in Arnhem, which was founded by Henk Peeters, the successful event "ZERO, Edition, Exposition, Demonstration" of 5 July 1961 is repeated. In addition, works by the artists represented in the magazine "ZERO 3" will be shown; the magazine itself is sold as an exhibition catalog. ### As an invitation card to the exhibition ’Internationale tentoonstelling van Niets", the members of the group Nul send out the "MANIFEST TEGEN NIETS", signed by several international artists, including Bazon Brock, Piero Manzoni, Carl Laszlo and Arthur Köpcke.

Amsterdam, Stedelijk Museum ‘Zomeropstelling. De Nederlandse kunst 1960–61’, o.a. Nul (Armando, Kees van Bohemen, Jan Henderikse, Henk Peeters, Jan Schoonhoven)
Grenchen, Galerie Bernard, Robert Crippa, Lucio Fontana, Manuel Millares, Henk Peeters
Lausanne, Galerie Kasper, ’Nouvel école européenne’, Achille Aperghis, Daniel Argimon, Armando, Edmondo Bacci, Renato Barisani, Herman Bartels, Bram Bogart, Kees van Bohemen, Agostino Bonalumi, Luis Bosch, Vlassis Caniaris, Raphael Canogar, Eugenio Carmi, Enrico Castellani, Condopoulos, Jorge Curós, Anja Decker, Karl Heinz Droste, Ducman (Nguyen Manh Duc), Fred Fathwinter, Jean Filhos, Maurice Hac- curia, Jan Henderikse, Oskar Holweck, Irma Hünerfauth, Théo Kerg, Walter Leblanc, Rudolf Leuzinger, Denise Madin, Max Marti, Christian Megert, Mario Nigro, Henk Peeters, Claux Pfeiffer, Otto Piene, Albert Ràfols- Casamada, Herwin Rehmann, Mario Samonà, Emilio Scanavino, Willy Schoder, Jan Schoonhoven, Salvador Soria, Ferdinand Spindel, Jean Spyropoulos, Enrique Tabara, Joan Joseph Tharrats, Anna Thorwest, Piero Travaglini, Romá Vallés, Walter Vanermen, Jef Verbrak, Jef Verheyen, Mark Verstockt, Herman de Vries
Frankfurt am Main, Galerie dato, ’Exposition dato 1961’, Bernard Aubertin, Hermann Bartels, Kilian Breier, Claus Carlfriedrich, Enrico Castellani, Jürgen Claus, Lucio Fontana, Hermann Goepfert, Jan Henderikse, Oskar Holweck, Ed Kiender, Yves Klein, Heinz Mack, Piero Manzoni, Almir Mavignier, Henk Peeters, Otto Piene, Uli Pohl, Arnulf Rainer, Wolfgang Schmidt, Jan Schoonhoven, Günther Uecker
Düsseldorf, Galerie Schmela, ’ZERO – Edition, Exposition, Demonstration’ (ZERO 3), Marc Adrian, Arman, Bernard Aubertin, Kilian Breier, Pol Bury, Enrico Castel- lani, Piero Dorazio, Lucio Fontana, Gerhard von Graevenitz, Paul Van Hoeydonck, Oskar Holweck, Manfred Kage, Yves Klein, Boris Kleint, Francesco Lo Savio, Heinz Mack, Piero Manzoni, Almir Mavignier, Ira Moldow, Henk Peeters, Otto Piene, Uli Pohl, Arnaldo Pomodoro, Arnulf Rainer, Diter Rot, Hans Salentin, Jan Schoonhoven, Jesús Rafael Soto, Daniel Spoerri, Jean Tinguely, Günther Uecker
Wolframs-Eschenbach, Deutschordensschloss, ’Internationale Malerei 1960–61’, o.a. Armando, Hermann Bartels, Hans Bischoffshausen, Hans J. Bleckert, Kees van Bohemen, Enrico Bordoni, Peter Brüning, Enrico Castellani, Roberto Crippa, Karl Fred Dahmen, Piero Dorazio, Lucio Fontana, Johan- nes Geccelli, Rupprecht Geiger, Raimund Girke, Hermann Goepfert, Jan Henderikse, Gottfried Honegger, Boris Kleint, Yayoi Kusama, Walter Leblanc, Adolf Luther, Piero Manzoni, Christian Megert, Henk Peeters, Arnulf Rainer, Mimmo Rotella, Antonio Saura, Francesco Lo Savio, Jan Schoonhoven, Sôfu Teshigahara, Fred Thieler, Günther Uecker, Jef Verheyen, Jiro Yoshihara, Herbert Zangs
Trier, Städtisches Museum, ’Avantgarde 61’, Armando, Bernd Berner, Hermann Bartels, Hans Bischoffshausen, Hajo Bleckert, Enrico Castellani, Mario De Luigi, Piero Dorazio, Lucio Fontana, Rupprecht Geiger, Raimund Girke, Hermann Goepfert, Jan Henderikse, Oskar Holweck, Gottfried Honegger, Boris Kleint, Yayoi Kusama, Raimer Jochims, Klaus Jürgen-Fischer, Thomas Kaspar Lenk, Francesco Lo Savio, Heinz Mack, Piero Manzoni, Henk Peeters, Otto Piene, Lothar Quinte, Arnulf Rainer, Günther Sellung, Jan Schoonhoven, Günther Uecker, Herbert Zangs
Arnhem, Galerie A, ’Expositie, demonstratie ZERO’, Arman, Bernard Aubertin, Kilian Breier, Pol Bury, Enrico Castellani, Lucio Fontana, Gerhard von Graevenitz, Oskar Holweck, Manfred Kage, Yves Klein, Boris Kleint, Heinz Mack, Piero Manzoni, Almir Mavignier, Henk Peeters, Otto Piene, Uli Pohl, Arnulf Rainer, Diter Rot, Hans Salentin, Jan Schoonhoven, Jesús Rafael Soto, Daniel Spoerri, Jean Tinguely, Günther Uecker
Amsterdam, Galerie 207, ’Internationale tentoonstelling van Niets. Manifest tegen Niets’, Armando, Bazon Brock, Jan Henderikse, Arthur Köpcke, Carl Laszlo, Silvano Lora, Piero Manzoni, Christian Megert, Onorio, Henk Peeters, Jan Schoonhoven

1962

The Stedelijk Museum appoints Henk Peeters as organizer and curator for the"Expositie nul". The exhibition is after the Leverkusen exhibition "Monochrome Painting" (1960) the most important museum show in the early years of ZERO. Many scenes of the documentary film "0x0 = painter without paint and brush" are shot in the exhibition by Gerd Winkler. The film was shown on the German television, and at ZERO openings as in paris and London.

Amsterdam, Stedelijk Museum, ’Nul’ [Nul62], Arman, Armando, Bernard Aubertin, Pol Bury, Enrico Castellani, Dada- maino, Piero Dorazio, Lucio Fontana, Hermann Goepfert, Hans Haacke, Jan Henderikse, Oskar Holweck, Yayoi Kusama, Francesco Lo Savio, Heinz Mack, Piero Manzoni, Almir Mavignier, Christian Megert, Henk Peeters, Otto Piene, Uli Pohl, Jan Schoonhoven, Günther Uecker, Jef Verheyen, Herman de Vries
Leiden, Leids Akademisch Kunstcentrum ‘Nieuwe tendenzen’, Armando, Jón Gunnar Árnason, Hermann Bartels, Gianni Colombo, Lucio Fontana, Raimund Girke, Gotthard Graubner, Jan Henderikse, Paul Van Hoeydonck, Yayoi Kusama, Piero Manzoni, Heinz Mack, Almir Mavignier, Franz Mon, Henk Peeters, Otto Piene, Diter Roth, Jan Schoon- hoven, Günther Uecker, Herman de Vries, Jef Verheyen, Rolf Weber
Paris, Galerie Iris Clert, ‘ZERO-Demonstration, ZERO-Film 0 x 0 = Kunst’, o.a. Bernard Aubertin, Hermann Goepfert, Heinz Mack, Piero Manzoni, Henk Peeters, Otto Piene, Günther Uecker, Herman de Vries
The Hague, Internationale Galerij Orez, ’Nieuwe tendenzen’, Arman, Jón Gunnar Árnason, Armando, Bernard Aubertin, Hermann Bartels, Stanley Brouwn, Pol Bury, Enrico Castellani, Gianni Colombo, Piero Dorazio, Klaus J. Fischer, Lucio Fontana, Raimund Girke, Hermann Goepfert, Gotthard Graubner, Gerhard von Graevenitz, Jan Henderikse, Paul Van Hoeydonck, Oskar Holweck, Gottfried Honegger, Yves Klein,, Boris Kleint, Yayoi Kusama, Heinz Mack, Dadamaino, Piero Manzoni, Almir Mavignier, Christian Megert, Franz Mon, Henk Peeters, Otto Piene, Uli Pohl, Arnulf Rainer, Diter Rot, Jan Schoonhoven, Jesús Rafael Soto, Günther Uecker, Jef Verheyen, Herman de Vries, Rolf Weber
Arnhem, Galerie A, ’Accrochage 1962’, Armando, Jón Gunnar Árnason, Hermann Bartels, Stanley Brouwn, Vic Gentils, Raimund Girke, Hermann Goepfert, Gotthard Graubner, Jan Henderikse, Gottfried Honegger, Yves Klein, Yayoi Kusama, Dadamaino, Piero Manzoni, Christian Megert, Martial Raysse, Diter Rot, Jef Verheyen, Herman de Vries, Rolf Weber
Antwerp, Hessenhuis, ’G 58, Anti-peinture’, Armando, Alberto Biasi, Davide Boriani, Stanley Brouwn, Enrico Castellani, Ennio Chiggio, Gianni Colombo, Toni Costa, Carlos Cruz-Diez, Narciso Debourg, Maurice De Clercq, Gabriele De Vecchi, Erik Dietmann, Karl Heinz Droste, Wybrand Ganzevoort, Horacio Garcia-Rossi, Vic Gentils, Karl Gerstner, Hermann Goepfert, Jan Henderikse, Jochen Hiltmann, Edoardo Landi, Julio Le Parc, Walter Leblanc, Rudolf Leuzinger, Piero Manzoni, Manfredo Massironi, Christian Megert, François Morellet, Nikos, Alejandro Otero, Henk Peeters, Edgar Pillet, Martial Raysse, Hans Salentin, Jan Schoonhoven, Francisco Sobrino, Joël Stein, Paul Talman, Paul Van Hoeydonck, Gerhard von Graevenitz, Herman de Vries, Jean-Pierre Yvaral
Bern, Galerie Schindler, ’Zero’, Arman, Bernard Aubertin, Hermann Bartels, Pol Bury, Enrico Castellani, Siegfried Cremer, François Dufrene, Lucio Fontana, Hermann Goepfert, Gotthard Graubner, Raymond Hains, Jochen Hiltmann, Oskar Holweck, Yves Klein, Arthur Köpcke, Walter Leblanc, Rudolf Leuzinger, Heinz Mack, Piero Manzoni, Almir Mavignier, Christian Megert, Otto Piene, Henk Peeters, Uli Pohl, Karl Prantl, Arnulf Rainer, Martial Raysse, Mimmo Rotella, Diter Rot, Jan Schoonhoven, Paul Talman, Günther Uecker, Jef Verheyen
Klagenfurt, Galerie Wulfengasse 14 ‘Nul-groep aus Holland’ Armando, Jan Henderikse, Henk Peeters, Jan Schoonhoven
London, New Vision Centre Gallery ‘Europe – 1962’, a.o. Armando, Jan Henderikse, Henk Peeters, Jan Schoonhoven
Rotterdam, Galerie Delta, Enrico Castellani, Piero Manzoni, Jan Schoonhoven
Albisola, Galleria della Palma, ’Punto 3’, Getulio Alviani, Kengiro Azuma, Bolognesi, Antonio Calderara, Hsiao-Chin, Dadamaino, Lucio Fontana, Vlado Kristk, Julio Le Parc, Li Yuen-Chia, François Morellet, Henk Peeters, Ivan Picelj, Giovanni Pizzo, Rostkowska, Mario Rossello, Jan Schoonhoven, Jesús Rafael Soto
Rotterdam, Kunstcentrum ’t Venster, ’Anno 62, plastiek, gra ek en tekeningen’, Armando, Bernard Aubertin, Kengiro Azuma, Hans Bischoffshausen, Antonio Calderara, Carlos Cruz-Diez, Klaus J. Fischer, Lucio Fontana, Getulio Alviani, Gerhard von Graevenitz, Jan Henderikse, Hsiao-Chin, Vlado Kristl, Yayoi Kusama, Li-Yuen-Chia, Dada- maino, Franz Mon, François Morellet, Julio Le Parc, Henk Peeters, Ivan Picelj, Giovanni Pizzo, Diter Rot, Jan Schoon- hoven, Jesús Rafael Soto, Joël Stein, Herman de Vries, Rolf Weber, Jean- Pierre Yvaral

1963

International Assembly of Artists and Artists Groups of the New Tendencies in Paris entitled Nouvelle Tendance, recherche continuelle (abbreviated NTrc.); the name goes back to the exhibition Nove Tendencije in Zagreb in 1961. The group was founded in October 1962 in Paris. Its members include GRAV, Enzo Mari, Matko Meštrović, Gerhard von Graevenitz and Henk Peeters. The purpose of the meeting is to share artistic and cultural similarities and goals, to find new opportunities for joint exhibitions and projects to further promote the meaning and internationality of the artist movement.

Copenhagen, Galerie Hybler, ’Esquisse d’un salon 2’, Getulio Alviani, Olle Baertling, Martha Boto, Carlos Cruz-Diez, Equipo 57 (José Duarte, Angel Duarte, Augustin Ibarrola, Juan Serrano), Gottfried Honegger, Julio Le Parc, François Morellet, Aurelie Nemours, Henk Peeters, Otto Piene, Uli Pohl, Francisco Sobrino, Nicolas Schöffer, Joël Stein, Jean Tinguely, Luis Tomasello, Gregorio Vardanega, Victor Vasarely, Jean-Pierre Yvaral
Paris, Galerie Denise René, ’Esquisse d’un salon’, Getulio Alviani, Olle Baertling, Martha Boto, Carlos Cruz-Diez, Equipo 57 (José Duarte, Angel Duarte, Augustin Ibarrola, Juan Serrano), Gottfried Ho- negger, Julio Le Parc, François Morellet Aurelie Nemours, Henk Peeters, Otto Piene, Uli Pohl, Nicolas Schöffer, Francisco Sobrino, Joël Stein, Jean Tinguely, Luis Tomasello, Gregorio Vardanega, Victor Vasarely, Jean-Pierre Yvaral
Berlin, Galerie Diogenes, ’ZERO – Der neue Idealismus. Poetisches Manifest’, Getulio Alviani, Bernard Aubertin, Davide Boriani, Kilian Breier, Pol Bury, Enrico Castellani, Gianni Colombo, Dadamaino, Piero Dorazio, Günther Drebusch, Lucio Fontana, Hermann Goepfert, Matthias Göritz, Kuno Gonschior, Gerhard von Graevenitz, Gotthard Graubner, Heusser-Bohne, Jochen Hiltmann, Oskar Holweck, Manfred Kage, Yves Klein, Boris Kleint, Adolf Luther, Heinz Mack, Piero Manzoni, Almir Mavignier, Christian Megert, François Morellet, Bruno Munari, Herbert Oehm Otto Piene, Uli Pohl, Arnulf Rainer, Diter Rot, Gerhard Rühm, Hans Salentin, Armin Sandig, Wolfgang Schmidt, Jan Schoonhoven, Jesús Rafael Soto, Jean Tinguely, Günther Uecker, Jef Verheyen, Franz Erhard Walther
Milan, Galleria Cadario, ’Oltre la pittura, Oltre la scultura, Mostra di ricerche d’arte visiva’, Getulio Alviani, Giovanni Anceschi, Alberto Biasi, Davide Boriani, Martha Boto, Ennio Chiggio, Gianni Colombo, Toni Costa, Carlos Cruz-Diez, Dada- maino, Narciso Debourg, Gabriele De Vecchi, Equipo 57 (José Duarte, Angel Duarte, Augustin Ibarrola, Juan Serrano), Horacio Garcia-Rossi, Karl Gerstner, Gerhard von Graevenitz, Rudolf Kammer, Vlado Kristl, Edoardo Landi, Julio Le Parc, Heinz Mack, Adrian Marck, Enzo Mari, Manfredo Massironi, Almir Mavignier, François Morellet, Bruno Munari, Henk Peeters, Ivan Picelj, Otto Piene, Uli Pohl, Karl Reinhartz, Francisco Sobrino, Klaus Staudt, Joël Stein, Paul Talman, Luis Tomasello, Gregorio Vardanega, Grazia Varisco, Jean-Pierre Yvaral, Walter Zehringer

UNDER CONSTRUCTION: 1964 - 1967

The double edition of the Dutch magazine is completely dedicated to the "" nieuwe konseptie / zero / 0, nieuwe tendencies "". The cover consists of a perforated work by Lucio Fontana, which offers a view of a Yves Klein blue cover page. The magazine contains texts by Wim Beeren, Henk Peeters and the poet Hans Sleutelaar. The focus of the issue is a bibliography compiled in detail by herman de vries, which documents the international network around the various avant-garde movements of the time.

1965 "The first edition of the journal" De nieuwe Stijl "is published under the editorship of Armando, Henk Peeters, Hans Sleutelaar, Cornelis Bastiaan, Vaandrager and Hans Verhagen.The publication contains texts by Yves Klein, Heinz Mack, Jan J. Schoonhoven and Günther Uecker, translated into Dutch, published by the Amsterdam publisher Bezige Bij. Parallel to this, Galerie Orez is organizing an exhibition of works by ZERO and Nul artists on the first floor of the publishing house.

1965 In contrast to the recently opened exhibition "nul 1965" at the Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, which offered an international overview of the avant-garde, the Gelsenkirchen show focuses exclusively on the Dutch group Nul. It is the first exhibition in Germany, in which only the three artists Armando, Henk Peeters and Jan J. Schoonhoven are presented under the name “Nul".